Personal Narrative The Clam - 1272 Words

The Clam My mother got a new job as a deputy sheriff in a suburban town named Romulus. It wasn t too big or staggering small, they had a Walmart and a drive to the city wasn t too hard to achieve. My school was a one story building with 2 gyms, computer lab, standard size chemistry lab and about a handful classrooms. The school seems big on the outside but the hallways between classes will soon change your mind. I already had a friend to help me get around. Chris had been my best friend since we were kids and when he had moved here two years ago, we stayed strong friends over Skype and phone. I broke my lamp in excitement two months ago when my mom told me we were moving to where he was. Chris let me know the rules, how to easily†¦show more content†¦They said a bear did it†¦but you never know.† He said in a spooky voice. Speaking of, Do you want to go by the lake and hang out with some buddies? As much as I hated socializing, I decided to go. If only to keep Chris out of trouble. The next morning I was woken to my mother telling me that I didn t need to get ready. School was closed for the next few days for an investigation. 3 students were found drowned to death behind the gym. Seriously? I called Chris but he wasn t answering. Must still be sleeping. Well, as long as I get to sleep in. Chris later told me some of the rumors about the who, what, when, where, and why s of the situation. One of them said that a man was seen prowling the mini-forest surrounding the school the afternoon before the incident. One of them said that the students were just taking an internet challenge too far. One rumor seemed to identify the victims. I asked my mother for confirmation and it was true. The students who were drowned were: Nobel Makonnen, Gabriel Quigley, and Jordan Riley. I ve never really talked of these students, but I definitely heard the screams and shouts from their table at lunch. Who could ve had a reason to kill them? Eventually, the full story was released by the media. 3 Boys were found drowned to death behind the Summit Academy gym on October 2 2017, how they were drowned is currently unknown, however their autopsy report show the liquid containing a highShow MoreRelatedMy Original Definition Of Social Media Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pagescollege I took a course on Sustained Dialogue. If I was a pastor or over a community organizations. Dialogue differ from debate or discussion because no one is the winner or loser, like in a debate, and what is said does not require one to defend their clam through scholarly sources, like in discussions. Dialogue is about freeing obstacles so that different people can talk about a topic. There are 5 stages to Sustained Dialogue. What I would do is simply act as the facilitator for a dialogue group oneRead MoreFight Club1673 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Narrator and Tyler but for the countless other men who flock to Fight Club as well. Moreover, violence seems to have a calming effect throughout the book; â€Å"You get the finger from other drivers. Total strangers hate you. It’s absolutely nothing personal. After fight club, you’re so relaxed, you just Cannot care† (Palahniuk 139). By fighting, the characters are able to let go of their emotions therefore they become more relaxed. Ironically, fight club seems to alsoRead MoreU07A1 Compare and Contrast Two Family Therapy Theories Essay3707 Words   |  15 PagesComparison of Bowens and narrative therapy. u07a1 Compare and Contrast Two Family Therapy Theories Kimberly R. Britton Capella University u07a1 Compare and Contrast Two Family Therapy Theories Choose two family systems therapy theories that you are interested in learning more about and applying to the family subsystem you analyzed in the Unit 5 assignment. Write a paper in which you describe the central concepts, goals, and typical interventions of eachRead MoreA Personal Application : Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter2894 Words   |  12 PagesA Personal Application: Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and Personal Application The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story novel that has many dynamic characters and subplots that surface throughout the tale. There are numerous morals and ethics that can be taken from each section of the story and turned around to be applied to one’s life. From the point of view as a reader, The Scarlet Letter is rich in entertainment and demands one’s attentiveness at all times. Throughout theRead MoreAnalyzing Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill4163 Words   |  17 Pagesbig location of open water in the Gulf of Mexico. When injuries to migratory types such as birds, whales, tuna and turtles are thought about, the effects of the Spill might be felt throughout the United States and around the world (USDC, 2012). Narratives A recent CRS report by Ramseur and Hagrety (2012) reports that although interest probably reduced in the 112th Congress, some Members remained to reveal issues concerning numerous oil spill-related policy issues (Ramseur and Hagerty, 2013). TheRead MoreEthnographic Research Paper: Latino-American Immigration Experience2627 Words   |  11 Pagesrelation to American culture. In this essay, I discuss his immigration process in light of themes such as Latino identity, assimilation, legal status, immigrant social network in reception context, and family obligations to demonstrate how Mr. Raya’s personal experiences have constructed his identity as a proud American. In particular, I will consider how these themes contribute to his relation to the Latino community, how an active effort to learn English and familiarize with legal boundaries constitutedRead MoreThe Kite Runner3049 Words   |  13 Pageshe also confronts his past cowardice and at last feels healed. By rescuing Sohrab he is not only reliving a past wrong doing he is also correcting it. The novelist Khaled Hosseini uses many stylistic devices such as foreshadowing, fragmented narrative and interior monologue to highlight the theme of atonement. In The Kite Runner, the novelist Khaled Hosseini implores that one can only atone their sins once they have admitted to their guilt and chose to seek redemption. In chapter 12 the themeRead MoreWilliam Wordsworth: A study of his poetry and its reflection of Romanticism Who is William Wordsworth? Why is he called a Romantic poet? How does his poetry reflect Romanticism?5604 Words   |  23 Pagesto by critics and poets the like. In his famous poem The Rainbow, Wordsworth grandly proclaims that, the Child is the Father of the Man (line 7). If we are to consider this claim on the basis not of its philosophical merit but rather of its personal relevance to the poet, this statement must be considered an absolute truth. For Wordsworth, through his poetry, explores himself: his thoughts, motives and feelings; in short Wordsworth poetry is in essence an exploration of the soul not of the mindRead MoreConfucianism in Journey to the West31834 Words   |  128 Pagesscenes, perceived as a major unit of a narrative film.†[45] Next, a scene is â€Å"a section of a narrative film that gives the impression of continuous action taking place in continuous time and space.†[46] Florian Schneider explains the difference: â€Å"a scene usually ends if there is a major shift in personage, setting, time, perspective or style, whereas a sequence ends when a narrative section of a film ends.†[47] However, the criteria for where one narrative section ends and a new one begins are subjectiveRead MorePlay Macbeth11985 Words   |  48 Pagesnot have killed Duncan because he resembled her own father. Does this mean she feels more love for a parent than a child? Or does it suggest fear of a fathers authority?) In Shakespeares ordered universe there is no such thing as private or personal morality, and individuals can only be good in their proper station in society. To aspire to a position above (or equally below) ones station is a sin. And an ordinary man, like Macbeth, does not have the qualities that a king needs. Macbeth lacks

Essay Significance of Jane Austen - 1948 Words

Jane Austen is celebrated worldwide, her books have led to movies, television series, and those who admire her life; her talent allowed her to capture her readers with the themes, love, marriage, and expectations of 19th century women. On December 16th 1775, English literature changed with the birth of Jane Austen. One of eight; her father encouraged her to grow and prosper at a young age. She was closest with her only sister Cassandra. The Austen children were educated mainly at home, primarily through Jane’s father who used resources at Oxford University. The learning style may have been different from traditional education, but all members of the Austen family were involved, primarily through reading aloud. â€Å"There was also a great deal†¦show more content†¦Despite her awareness of these expectations, Elizabeth Bennet is apprehensive when it comes to trusting Mr. Darcy, a potential love interest. Mr. Wickman gave Elizabeth the wrong impression of Darcy, causing her to reject his marriage proposal. â€Å"Elizabeth Bennet: a spirited and intelligent girl who represents ‘prejudice’ in her attitude toward Fitzwilliam Darcy, whom she dislikes because of his pride.† (Magill) In Sense and Sensibility, the Dashwood sisters are left to pick up the pieces after their father’s death. Their half-brother John was given the responsibility to care for them, but he moves them out of the house and gives them little money to live off of. Elinor views life in a more practical sense than her sisters, Marianne and Margaret. Elinor finds love a difficult concept to grasp and is somewhat uncertain. Elinor eventually marries Edward, even though he is engaged to Lucy. â€Å"Sense and Sensibility raised issues that were urgent to women in a format that was seen as non-confrontational. The novel presented women as an economic underclass who were nonetheless essential to the moral stability of Britain.†(Kelly) In her novels, Austen is able to provide a distinctive interpretation of the expectations of women. â€Å"Austens fiction dwells exclusively on social relations among the landed gentry and rural professionals of her own social class.† (Gale) The stor y and timeline of her work contribute to the effect she hasShow MoreRelatedSignificance of Jane Austen Essay1979 Words   |  8 PagesAlthough Austen was an eighteenth century author, her literature is still celebrated in the modern world in countless ways. By many her books are classics, and even though they were written nearly two centuries ago, they still are a popular read. Austen uses techniques and variation of approach to grasp the attention of her readers. She also frequently writes about the expectations of women in 19th century women. On December 16th 1775, English literature changed with the birth of Jane Austen. OneRead More The Significance of Letters in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen2238 Words   |  9 PagesThe Significance of Letters in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Letters play a very important role in Pride and Prejudice. They can link the story because letters provide information which we would not have found out from the dialogue between the characters. We an also find out extra background information which can help with the readers understanding of characters, the plot and the novel in general. Letters can reveal characters personalities and how they feel about Read MoreSignificance Of The Lighthouse By Virginia Woolf And Pride And Prejudice By Jane Austen1557 Words   |  7 PagesWoolf and Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen People imprint themselves on their surroundings; they inject fleeting moments into the veins of their environments, boiling the blood that swims hot through every crevice, echoing and lingering indefinitely. According to Wisker houses are the principal locations where the presence of its residents leave lasting imprints on the structure (2011, 4). Novels To The Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf and Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen both use domestic environmentsRead MoreComparative Study: Letters to Alice and Pride and Prejudice1502 Words   |  7 Pagescentral values shared and explored by evaluating them; presenting them against Jane Austens context and that of Fay Weldon. Mirroring Austens novel, Weldon presents the central values for women such as the social values of moral behaviour, independence, and, literary values of reading and writing, from Pride and Prejudice and adapts them to a 20th Century context. Weldons novels subtitle, On First Reading Jane Austen, suggests that the novel should serve as a filter to assist readers. The implicationRead MoreSibling Relationships In Pride And Prejudice1215 Words   |  5 PagesJane Austen puts an emphasis on both loyal and rival sibling relationships in all of her works, and these relationships prove to be as important, if not more important, than those relationships of marriage. Pride and Prejudice offers insight on many sets of siblings. Sibling pairs each present different ways in which they interact with each other, and the dynamic of their relationship. The way in which Austen portrays certain sets of siblings may be a mirror of the way she was with her sister CassandraRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Emma in Jane Austens quot;Emmaquot; Essay867 Words   |  4 Pages `Emma was written by Jane Austen in 1816. In all her novels, she is primarily a moral writer, striving to establish criteria of sound judgement and right conduct in human life. In Emma she presents her lesson so astutely and so dramatically, with such a minimum of exposition, that she places extreme demands upon the readers perceptiveness. Emma was her fourth novel. Lord David Cecil described it as `Jane Austens profoundest comedy. It has frequently been applauded for its `engaging, dearRead MoreJane Austen Critical Analysis1220 Words   |  5 Pagesapart from other authors. Writing style is also what defines the author and characterizes their writing. Style often remains unchanged and reflects a writer’s beliefs which are often displayed through their work’s content or theme. In the case of Jane Austen, an eighteenth-nineteenth century novelist, writing style and theme are two things she is most admired and remembered for. Austen’s main themes encompass her vi ews of the roles and values of women, family, and marriage in her era. In addition toRead MoreThe Man Sphere Versus The Woman s Sphere1103 Words   |  5 PagesExtended Essay The man’s sphere versus the woman’s sphere in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice Abstract Introduction Jane Austen’s novels are known for not only being enthralling but also as characteristic of British society in the nineteenth century. Her novels present a compelling view on the historical, psychological, and sociological issues woven into the plots that are full of irony, farce, and versatile characters. One of Jane Austen’s most appreciated novels Pride and Prejudice illustratesRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen994 Words   |  4 PagesPride and Prejudice Letter Analysis In Jane Austen s dialogue heavy novel Pride and Prejudice, much of each page is consumed by in depth conversations between her characters; only infrequently does she break to a narrative to make asides about the story. With a style of writing such as this, it is quite difficult as a writer to portray the private inner thoughts of characters. In order to provide this necessary element of inner character thought, Jane Austen makes use of written letters to revealRead MoreJane Austens Influence in the Romantic Period958 Words   |  4 Pages(Victorian Literature.) Jane Austen was born to Reverend George and Cassandra Austen on December 16,1775. She was their seventh child out of eight, and six of them were boys (Kelly). All of Jane’s older brothers except for one and her younger brothers followed their father’s footsteps and became clergymen. Her younger brothers, Francis and Charles, â€Å"were trained at the Royal Naval Academy at Portsmouth, and became admirals† (Kelly). At the age of twelve or thirteen Jane started to write short stories

Entrepreneur, Hair Salon Queen free essay sample

Owning a business is something that I’ve always wanted to do since I became old enough to understand the real world. What I didn’t realize was the amount of schooling, money, time and hard work along with labor was required. I used to think as a young child that all you had to do was buy a building and turn it into whatever business you wanted. In this paper I interviewed a hair salon/barber shop owner by the name of Francette Jean-Louis. She has been in business for a little over 25 years. I believe she has the keys to succeed and in this text you will see. The Type of Business I chose to interview Francette because of two reasons. One reason is because she is my mother’s beautician and a very close family friend. The second reason is because she owns a business that I will someday own my very own. The type of business Francette owns is a hair salon/barber shop by the name of Nu Look Salon and Barber Shop. The types of services that she offers in her shop are hair care and styling services, barber services, along with facial and skin care services. Francette’s Dream The business is a local business. She chose to operate this way because she likes to keep her shop family oriented and close to what she considers a busy part of the city. As I interviewed Francette I asked her, out of all things she could have gotten into for business why choose this? Well to my knowledge she had the response that I would have had if someone were to ask me the very same question. Since she was a young girl she has always had the desire to be a hair stylist. She used to have little baby dolls and would do their hair, she also has a younger sister that when they were younger, experiment in her hair also. So this was something that she always wanted to do. As she got older, she started brainstorming ways she would go about making this her life long career. Dream to Reality Francette is originally from Haiti. So growing up there she knew that in order to make her dreams become into reality she had to make her way to the land full of opportunities†¦ America! Prior to her leaving Haiti, she was met whose now her husband; Romeus Jean-Louis. Romeus was well aware of Francette’s dream. She made her money by offering her services to people around her community for a small fee, which is actually how she met her husband. Romeus wanted a better life for the both of them, so they made their way to the states. Once they made it to the states, it took several years to become established and Francette had to put a hold on her dream. Once the both of them got their feet on the ground, she then expressed her interest in hair again. Francette and Romeus then worked hard to gain the funds necessary to put her through cosmetology school. She obtained both her cosmetology and business license after three years of hard work. The Next Step Not too long after Francette obtained her licenses, Romeus decided to pursue a barber’s license. He thought it would be a great idea to assist his wife in her venture to success. So they decided to make it a partnership. They started off small and turned the garage of their family home into a small beauty salon. Francette stated during the interview to me that she would have rather went into the business as a partnership. She named to me some advantages and disadvantages to having a partnership type of business. One of the advantages that stood out to me was the fact that she said she could sometimes lack the perspective on certain situations, may it be financial or just dealing with customers, her husband being her partner would come and handle whatever it was that she couldn’t at the moment. A disadvantage to her was the fact that because her partner is her husband they are constantly with each other. There is never that space needed between them which caused problems in the past. She also mentioned the financial part, which could also create a wedge between the two of them. The Standards Francette expressed her position on ethical behavior and responsibility to me by her telling me during the interview, that she finds ways to maintaining her employees and their well-being. By doing that she’s sure that her customers’ well-being will be well taken care of. So by taking care of her employees, her employees are taking care of the customers; in return that takes care of her business. Challenges and Rewards Francette has indeed faced challenges over time of having her business. It started with the most common challenge a business could face: finances. When she had her beauty salon in her garage it was because they didn’t have enough money to rent a spot to open up. Her and her husband eventually gained the funds needed to rent a building and start the real deal. Now that she has had several different spots that her business has moved to because of their finances. She now has an establishment that her and her husband has maintained for some years now. This is a major upgrade and accomplishment. There is always rewards that come with any business. Francette’s biggest reward is to see customers leave satisfied with the end result. The customers then become repeat customers, and refer her shop to other people, who in return become repeat customers, that consistently bring in more clientele. Community Benefits Francette and her husband Romeus benefits the community locally, by offering tax services once a year for anyone who would like to get their taxes filed by a professional. Where the benefit that her business really offers to the community doesn’t happen locally. Francette and her husband gave back to their hometown community in Haiti. They constantly do humanitarian missions to help the people in Haiti. She and her husband has aided in opening up a church and small school house in Haiti. I admire her for the way they give back to the Haitian community. New Opportunities Francette and her husband believe that a way for them to gain more opportunities for business are to go out and watch, look and listen to what the needs of the community are and compares it to what they already have to offer in their business and try to correlate it to enhance their business. Keys to Success Now as I stated before Francette has been my mother’s beautician for as long as I have been on this earth. So I figured that she is apparently doing something right. She has been at it for years and has yet to fail. So knowing this it brought me to asking her what was her keys to success. This response to me was quite obvious†¦ she offers her clients quality services. Francette maintains the qualities by making sure her employees are always comfortable in the work environment and being sure they have everything needed to offer quality services to the customers; such as, the proper equipment, and supplies. Possible Regrets As I came to the conclusion of my interview with Francette, I was curious and eager to know if she had any regrets to having her business. Or even things that she would do differently if she had to do it all over again. Francette stated that there was nothing she would do over again. She believes that all the speed bumps that her and her husband went through for their business to work are what made their business what it is today. To her it built the foundation to their success. She also believes that God doesn’t put people through anything that they cannot handle, but he will run you through the dirt in order for you to learn what’s necessary to become great. Which she said was in God’s plan for her. Conclusion To wrap this all up, I believe that the future of Francette’s business is nothing more than further success. I think that this business can possibly become a chain of Nu Look salons and expand the brand. I would indeed invest into this business because to me the services that this business offers will never perish. It’s almost like having a mechanic shop. As long as there are vehicles on the face of this earth, people will always need something in or on their vehicle fixed. The same way humans will always grow hair on their heads, they will always have the needs of hair care. Francette and her family are well known in the Haitian community and the way they give back is admired by many, including me. Her salon will go on for as long as they allow it to. It’s something I believe will be succeeded and always be around.

Movie Review for Motivate Your Employees produced by BNet Video for CBS Money Watch

The main issue which a lot of managers discuss as the controversial for them is the question of motivating employees. The video Motivate Your Employees is created by BNet in order to provide the answers to the question what necessary factors which can motivate employees for achieving their goals work and which aspects are significant to know for every manager.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Review for Motivate Your Employees produced by BNet Video for CBS Money Watch specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Teresa Amabile, the author of The Progress Principle, and Lindsay Blakely, the Senior Editor of BNet, are invited to the studio to discuss the issue. Thus, the major problem for the discussion presented in the video is the question of how to motivate the employees effectively. With focusing on the information provided in her book, Teresa Amabile determines a range of aspects which can be considered as influenti al for increasing the employees’ motivation among which the major factors are accentuated. BNet is one of the most popular business sites which works in association with CBS Money Watch and specializes in the questions of business management that is why the material from the site can be considered as credible. Motivate Your Employees is devoted to the current problem connected with the field of the effective management. It is stated in the video that employees provide the best results of their working process when they are happy, successful, and highly motivated. Nevertheless, it is necessary for managers to pay attention to the aspects which can effectively motivate employees and stimulate them for reaching the best results in their work. It was very interesting to know that today 95% of managers really do not realize what aspects can motivate their employees inside organizations. That is why this problem requires its proper discussing. At the beginning of the conversation T eresa Amabile presents the most surprising and unexpected factor which can contribute to increasing the employees’ motivation and which draws the audience’s attention. Thus, Amabile states that the issue of making progress in work depends on ‘little things’ which form our everyday reality and influence our behaviour and actions. Small victories and any other little steps supported by positive emotions at workplaces can contribute to the larger progress. However, it is more interesting that the opposite side of this phenomenon is the fact that little negative things which can happen with an employee during his working day can influence his results more obviously, but negatively. The managers’ task is to create the positive atmosphere at workplaces in order to guarantee the employees’ high level of productivity. Moreover, Teresa Amabile accentuates definite factors which can be used by managers for developing the necessary encouraging atmospher e in the organization.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These factors are the recognition for the work’s results, set of clear goals, support of the positive interpersonal relations based on nourishers and interpersonal events, expression of respect and encouragement (â€Å"Motivate Your Employees†). Thus, it is stated in Motivate Your Employees created by BNet that today managers are challenged not only to organize their employees’ work effectively but also to motivate them to make the constant progress. The employees’ intrinsic motivation is based on those positive and negative ‘little things’ which happen to them at their workplaces every day. That is why the successful manager should concentrate on creating the stimulating atmosphere at the workplace, to encourage the employees, and to contribute to forming the supportive interpers onal relations between employees in order to develop the necessary conditions for their making progress. Works Cited â€Å"Motivate Your Employees†. The Live One, BNet. 18 Aug. 2011. Video file. Web. This essay on Movie Review for Motivate Your Employees produced by BNet Video for CBS Money Watch was written and submitted by user Kaleigh Clayton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Pop Art

Pop Art Pop art was a movement that wasn’t so much a style, as a shared viewpoint about the artist’s modern environment. Some believe that pop art came about as a direct reaction against abstract impressionism. But the art is deeper than simply a rebellion; it allows a new perspective on culture. This perspective being the realization and acceptance of the twentieth century’s commercial culture that emerged out of the Second World War in a need by the public to reinvent the way they see their ordinary lives. When President Roosevelt formed the Works Progress Administration in 1935 to help artists through the depression, it had a stimulating affect on the New York art scene. Artists could meet together and discuss, and soon they saw that you didn’t need to go to Paris to paint, the artist simply needed to embrace his own confidence and knowledge and experience to produce fine art. Many European painters had been in New York at this point participating in the New York art scene, so when they returned home, many to England where simultaneously another independent pop art movement had started, there was a newfound reverence for American art, and culture. The enthusiastic, and ironic, paintings of these artists chose to embrace what the German called Capitalist Realism. The artists chose to incorporate the mass media and this consumerism into their art, both celebrating it and critiquing it. These artists painted for the now, they didn’t use an object, whether it be a symbol, person, or situation, until it was already well known to its audience in its usual setting. They highlighted not the commonplace in a painting, but the commonplace as a painting. Each artist in this movement had their own way to express their take on Capitalist Realism. One of the first English pop artists was Richard Hamilton, who defined pop art to him as, â€Å"popular, transient, expendable, low-cost, mass-produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmi... Free Essays on Pop Art Free Essays on Pop Art Pop Art Pop art was a movement that wasn’t so much a style, as a shared viewpoint about the artist’s modern environment. Some believe that pop art came about as a direct reaction against abstract impressionism. But the art is deeper than simply a rebellion; it allows a new perspective on culture. This perspective being the realization and acceptance of the twentieth century’s commercial culture that emerged out of the Second World War in a need by the public to reinvent the way they see their ordinary lives. When President Roosevelt formed the Works Progress Administration in 1935 to help artists through the depression, it had a stimulating affect on the New York art scene. Artists could meet together and discuss, and soon they saw that you didn’t need to go to Paris to paint, the artist simply needed to embrace his own confidence and knowledge and experience to produce fine art. Many European painters had been in New York at this point participating in the New York art scene, so when they returned home, many to England where simultaneously another independent pop art movement had started, there was a newfound reverence for American art, and culture. The enthusiastic, and ironic, paintings of these artists chose to embrace what the German called Capitalist Realism. The artists chose to incorporate the mass media and this consumerism into their art, both celebrating it and critiquing it. These artists painted for the now, they didn’t use an object, whether it be a symbol, person, or situation, until it was already well known to its audience in its usual setting. They highlighted not the commonplace in a painting, but the commonplace as a painting. Each artist in this movement had their own way to express their take on Capitalist Realism. One of the first English pop artists was Richard Hamilton, who defined pop art to him as, â€Å"popular, transient, expendable, low-cost, mass-produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmi...

High Performance Timer in Delphi - TStopWatch

High Performance Timer in Delphi - TStopWatch For routine desktop database applications, adding a single second to a tasks execution time rarely makes a difference to end users - but when you need to process millions of tree leaves or generate billions of unique random numbers, speed-of-execution becomes more important. Timing Out Your Code In some applications, very accurate, high-precision time measurement methods are important and luckily Delphi provides a high-performance counter to qualify  these times. Using RTLs Now  Function One option uses the Now function. Now, defined in the SysUtils unit, returns the current system date and time. A few lines of code measure elapsed time between the start and stop of some process: var   Ã‚  start, stop, elapsed : TDateTime;​ begin   Ã‚  start : Now;   Ã‚  //TimeOutThis();   Ã‚  stop : Now;   Ã‚  elapsed : stop - start; end; The Now function returns the current system date and time that is accurate up to 10 milliseconds (Windows NT and later) or 55 milliseconds (Windows 98). For very small intervals the precision of Now is sometimes not enough. Using Windows API GetTickCount For even more precise data, use the GetTickCount Windows API function. GetTickCount retrieves the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since the system was started, but the function only has the precision of 1 ms and may not always be accurate if the computer remains powered-up for long periods of time. The elapsed time is stored as a DWORD (32-bit) value. Therefore, the time will wrap around to zero if Windows is run continuously for 49.7 days. var   Ã‚  start, stop, elapsed : cardinal; begin   Ã‚  start : GetTickCount;   Ã‚  //TimeOutThis();   Ã‚  stop : GetTickCount;   Ã‚  elapsed : stop - start; //millisecondsend; GetTickCount is also limited to the accuracy of the system timer (10 / 55 ms). High Precision Timing Out Your Code If your PC supports a high-resolution performance counter, use the QueryPerformanceFrequency Windows API function to express the frequency, in counts per second. The value of the count is processor dependent. The QueryPerformanceCounter function retrieves the current value of the high-resolution performance counter. By calling this function at the beginning and end of a section of code, an application uses the counter as a high-resolution timer. The accuracy of high-resolution timers is around a few hundred nanoseconds. A nanosecond is a unit of time representing 0.000000001 seconds or 1 billionth of a second. TStopWatch: Delphi Implementation of a High-Resolution Counter With a nod to .Net naming conventions, a counter like TStopWatch offers a high-resolution Delphi solution for precise time measurements. TStopWatch measures elapsed time by counting timer ticks in the underlying timer mechanism. The IsHighResolution property indicates whether the timer is based on a high-resolution performance counter.The Start method starts measuring elapsed time.The Stop method stops measuring elapsed time.The ElapsedMilliseconds property gets the total elapsed time in milliseconds.The Elapsed property gets the total elapsed time in timer ticks. unit StopWatch;interface uses Windows, SysUtils, DateUtils;type TStopWatch class   Ã‚  private   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  fFrequency : TLargeInteger;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  fIsRunning: boolean;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  fIsHighResolution: boolean;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  fStartCount, fStopCount : TLargeInteger;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  procedure SetTickStamp(var lInt : TLargeInteger) ;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  function GetElapsedTicks: TLargeInteger;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  function GetElapsedMilliseconds: TLargeInteger;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  function GetElapsed: string;  Ã‚  public   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  constructor Create(const startOnCreate : boolean false) ;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  procedure Start;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  procedure Stop;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  property IsHighResolution : boolean read fIsHighResolution;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  property ElapsedTicks : TLargeInteger read GetElapsedTicks;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  property ElapsedMilliseconds : TLargeInteger read GetElapsedMilliseconds;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  property Elapsed : string read GetElapsed;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  property IsRunning : b oolean read fIsRunning;  Ã‚  end;implementation constructor TStopWatch.Create(const startOnCreate : boolean false) ;begin   Ã‚  inherited Create;   Ã‚  fIsRunning : false;   Ã‚  fIsHighResolution : QueryPerformanceFrequency(fFrequency) ;   Ã‚  if NOT fIsHighResolution then fFrequency : MSecsPerSec;  Ã‚  if startOnCreate then Start;end;function TStopWatch.GetElapsedTicks: TLargeInteger;begin   Ã‚  result : fStopCount - fStartCount; end;procedure TStopWatch.SetTickStamp(var lInt : TLargeInteger) ;begin   Ã‚  if fIsHighResolution then   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  QueryPerformanceCounter(lInt)   Ã‚  else   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  lInt : MilliSecondOf(Now) ; end;function TStopWatch.GetElapsed: string;var   Ã‚  dt : TDateTime; begin   Ã‚  dt : ElapsedMilliseconds / MSecsPerSec / SecsPerDay;   Ã‚  result : Format(%d days, %s, [trunc(dt), FormatDateTime(hh:nn:ss.z, Frac(dt))]) ; end;function TStopWatch.GetElapsedMilliseconds: TLargeInteger;begin   Ã‚  result : (MSecsPerSec * (fStopCount - fStartCount)) div fFrequency; end;procedure TStopWatch.Start;begin   Ã‚  SetTickStamp(fStartCount) ;   Ã‚  fIsRunning : true; end;procedure TStopWatch.Stop;begin   Ã‚  SetTickStamp(fStopCount) ;   Ã‚  fIsRunning : false; end;end. Heres an example of usage: var   Ã‚  sw : TStopWatch;   Ã‚  elapsedMilliseconds : cardinal; begin   Ã‚  sw : TStopWatch.Create() ;   Ã‚  try   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  sw.Start;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  //TimeOutThisFunction()   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  sw.Stop;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  elapsedMilliseconds : sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;   Ã‚  finally   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  sw.Free;   Ã‚  end;end;

A creative love story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A creative love story - Essay Example he eternal love story, â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† and our love story indeed took a start in the same way, like all star-crossed lovers falling onto each other’s arm and then reaching the climax to fall apart but in my case Jane, my Romeo was a magician, he promised me to be together and he said me that I’ll never have to be alone. Jane was two years senior to me in my school and we fell in love with each other very soon while going down the vales, crossing the woods and running after the butterfly on our way to school. Summers passed and spring was in the air, with flowers, colors and smell in the air and we were engrossed in each other under the blue sky and full moon. I asked Jane, â€Å"Honey, I do not want to be alone anymore. â€Å"I do not want to lose you†. Jane replied, â€Å"Do not worry, Scarlet, we will be together forever.†Days passed by and it was white around. It was Christmas! Jane was on my balcony crossing the garden. To meet me, he threw pebble on my window. A trick he had taken a number of times to send me signals. Unfortunately, that Christmas Eve my dad received the sound of the pebble and came out in the yard to catch me and my love red handed. I could only see him pushing back Jane and a loud sound came to ears, â€Å"Stay away you jerk! Stay away, from Scarlet. That was the last time I saw my Jane. Snow melted fast and new leaves were on the branches of the tree, people on street and birds out of their nests. Only I was inside my room then for more than a month. Suddenly, I don’t know how, my friend Catherine arrived one Sunday morning and insisted me to go out with her. I was very sure that dad won’t allow us. However, to my despair, he let us go to the outskirts and there the greatest excitement of my life was waiting. My Jane was waiting for me. I was meeting him after a month and I could see the same spark in his eyes. I said to Jane, â€Å"There’s no way left, apart from running away†. â€Å"Please Jane take me away very far where nobody

Summary, findings and opinions on the reading Essay

Summary, findings and opinions on the reading - Essay Example Each website an internet user visit during his or her browsing session usually facilitate to the achievement of some objectives that are beyond mere identification of independent visitors to the site (White and Kamal, 2012).This similarity amongst all websites makes it easy for any person to note their relations to each other. When different website are complementary like search engine and content website, then internet users willingness to visit the combination of these sites depend on the rate of advertisement of each site (White and Kamal, 2012).This means that the number of visitors each site get per a specified period depends on its advertisement policy and frequency. So each website should keenly develop its advertisement strategies in an effective manner to ensure it attract higher number of visitors. In scenarios where complementary sites act independently, then their total distraction from their advertising becomes too high thus discouraging many internet users from visiting these sites. This makes it hard for these sites to maximize their total profits from advertisements. Secondly when complementary sites decide to operate independently, they end up allocating inefficient demands to attract internet user’s attention. When there are two competing companies with constant marginal cost that provides customers with perfectly complementary components, then overall business gains can be maximized only when one of the companies decides to lower it price to equal it marginal cost and the other firm freely adopt optimal price (White and Kamal, 2012).However, this fact does not apply to website owners when they opt to distract internet user from using their site in their attempt to advertise their sponsors’ product. This means that forcing one of the complementary sites not to advertise does not necessarily maximize total profits of the complementary sites. In fact, it can lead to decline in total profits of the two complementary sites due to lac k of cooperation between them. While increased competition from a multiple complementary sites solves the problem of double marginalization, the competition, also leads to increased problem of mis'-marginalization. Effect of differentiation among content website To achieve greater efficiency, when the market is in equilibrium and all firms tend to behave non-cooperatively, and content website has relatively inefficient advertising technologies, then it is socially desirable that the website owners increase the number of content websites than the internet users induces to enter (White and Kamal, 2012). This is because an increase in the number of content websites shifts advertising away from the content websites to the more efficient search engine advertising technology. Effect of competition When two or more sellers who deals with complementary products engages in double marginalization, then to ensure that they all maximize profits, then they need to increase competition in all mar kets (White and Kamal, 2012).This is because if the market of one firm becomes perfectly competitive, then the other complementary firm can successfully charge a price that implements the optimum outcome of the industry as a whole. Otherwise if, a set of complementary websites, whose

Graphics Image in the Media Essay Example for Free

Graphics Image in the Media Essay The graphical portrayal of hostility, disaster and even death is generally essential to broadcast and print media. People are attracted to a gruesome but actual picture of life and it is where the public draws its sense of reality. A visual representation or picture normally has more effect than a broadcasted or published story. This is because its power to influence people surpasses spoken or written words. The media industry is subjected to the unwanted but common principle of â€Å"if it bleeds, it leads and is fatally attracted to the harsh journalism world where photographers, who produce graphic images of grim and emotional moments, are the ones being acknowledged and awarded more. As a result, the broadcast and print media is faced with a dilemma of commercially promoting the industry by inevitably sacrificing its ethical standard. Thus, viewers and readers tend to be offended and attracted to such graphical representations of real life events at the same time. The public wants to learn and feel the drama behind an incident but refuse to accept and confront its awkward details. However, the power of the media to influence people with its graphical depiction of events entails a responsibility. Media is bound by its obligation to present to the public what it deserves to know. Graphic images in the media, as a representation of reality, should never cease to exist despite the controversies and objections.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Media organizations are oftentimes assailed or criticized after airing or publishing a controversial graphic image that presents, for instance, a dead person or grieving victims of real-life events such as violence and calamities. Viewers and readers attack the editors and most specifically the photographers for being apathetic or insensitive and for making the pain of the person(s) worse by displaying the picture. Nevertheless, the photographer responsible and his or her editor are both obliged to present reality as it truly happens. On the other hand, these media practitioners defend themselves by arguing that it is innate for humans to have morbid enchantment with hostilities and calamities. It is just sad to note that these are the same critics who charge the media people for being insensitive and for taking advantage of the sufferings of others. The Boston Photographs   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   No matter how gruesome, graphic images are commonly used and known to ignite more dramatic reactions from people than stories. According to Nora Ephron, disturbing pictures of any incidents need to be shown to the public either through broadcast or publication. The fact that such graphic images affect or move the feeling of the public is exactly what pictures should be which in turn make photojournalism much more powerful than print media.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ephrons article titled â€Å"The Boston Photographs† talks about the legality and ethical justification of printing controversial graphic images. Ephron discussed the pictures of a rescue attempt, captured in consecutive manner that unfortunately went wrong. â€Å"The Boston Photographs† depicts a woman who was attempting to get out from her burning apartment building. However, while escaping and during her rescue, the woman fell to her death after her flat’s fire escape crumbled. The publication of the graphic images of the dead woman resulted into a lot of dispute from offended people who felt and reasoned that it was inappropriate and uncalled for to publish images of a dead person. However, despite the negative reactions and criticisms, Ephron confirmed the publication of the photographs and reasoned that they were exemplary representation of reality that needs to be printed. Ephron is justified in promoting and fighting for the printing of the said pictures simply because of the fact that human accident and even death are major realities of life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Regardless of the dramatic intensity created by the said graphic images and their alleged ethical violation, the public has the right to view the actual happenings of the real world including death. A lot of people were offended with the coming of the â€Å"The Boston Photographs† where in Ephron defended that â€Å"death happens to be one of life’s main events.† Again, it was just unfortunate to state that many people in our society usually let their emotions prevail and ignore the basic responsibility of the media to present the truth to the public.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ephron wrote about three arguable graphic images of a failed rescue attempt that were captured by Boston Herald American Newspaper photographer Stanley Forman. With the use of a motor driven camera, Forman was able to take three frames per second of the famous â€Å"Fire on Marlborough Street!† on July 22, 1975.   The first graphic image pictured a fireman who is trying to rescue a woman and a child. A collapsing fire escape was shown on the second graphic image. The last graphic image was the most controversial as it showed how the rescue attempt failed as the woman and her daughter fell from their apartment window resulting in the woman dying on the spot while her daughter survived as she landed on her mothers body.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Criticizing from the graphic images of the helpless victims alone, it can be ethically challenged that such gruesome pictures were used and published to gain commercial prominence or profit. A critic can even argue that the pictures were not representations of reality as they were captured with the primary intention of getting ones attention. However, Ephron was able to make her article very easy to be understood. Ephron succeeded in presenting all the components of the incident. She initially told about the details of the particular fire accidents. She continued by presenting how the readers reacted to the graphic image. Ephron further presented another angle when she disclosed the views as well as reactions of the newspaper editors. Citing a particular example, Ephron also included in her article how former managing editor of the Washington Star explained his personal view about publishing the three graphic images. In whole, the Ephron article was able to justify the existence and utilization of graphic images by the media industry by defending its necessity and importance in reminding people that such reality happen in everyday life. 9/11 Terrorist Attacks Aside from the famous Forman fire photo, another incident in the American history that was vividly presented in a lot of graphic images was the events of September 11. According to the news article by Jim Rutenberg and Felicity Barringer, the news producers had a difficult time sorting out the graphic images taken after the attack on the World Trace Center on September 11, 2001. Meanwhile, in her article from the Christian Science Monitor, Susan Leach cited Moeller who said that the controversies and arguments about the graphic images of tragic incidents such as the September 11 terrorist attacks resulted from the public notion that the media is using such gruesome pictures for commercial purposes. These marketing strategies are used primarily to gain profit such as to grab the peoples attention, lure the readers to buy the publication and prevent the viewers to switch their channels. Moeller, a professor of media and international affairs at the University of Maryland, adds: â€Å"[e]ven when the public is distressed by difficult images, if that news outlet is transparent about its reasons for running those pictures there has generally been very little outcry and protest, and often support for that ethical decision.† (qtd. in Leach).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The previous article also stated that one important component in justifying and deciding how the media uses graphic images of a tragic event is the nearness of the incident. Moeller further explained that if something is geographically distant and psychologically distant as well [with] no close emotional ties to the area, then the home media is a lot more likely to use graphic images.†Ã‚   One particular example is the coverage of the Madrid bombing incident as an aftermath of the September 11 US attacks. Moeller commented on how reserved the British media were, just like the American media when it covered and presented the 9/11 incident. â€Å"In other words, they really didnt show body parts, Moeller noted (qtd. in Leach).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In contrast, a comprehensive coverage of the collapse of the World Trade Center was depicted in a lot and more graphic images outside the U.S. According to editor Naureckas, the worldwide audience of the 9/11 attacks did not need to receive a discreet graphic images of falling pieces of the twin towers and carnage of thousands of people in order to be updated of the event. Rather, the use of more vivid and even gruesome pictures is necessary for other people to feel the pain and sympathize with the American people (qtd. in Leach). To cite an an example, Naureckas said: â€Å"if you were in another country where people who live in New York might be an abstraction, then seeing the actual person jumping out the window might have brought you closer to the event† (qtd. in Leach). Limitations   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As stated earlier, the use of graphic images in the media is a privilege but it requires responsibility. Thus, it has to have some limitations. Effective limitations and conditions can be considered an otherwise absolute interpretation of â€Å"freedom of the press.† The restriction, editing, or censorship of graphic images (especially gruesome and controversial pictures) may be done by an independent body that governs and has authority over the media industry or it can start from the media organization itself by depending on the fair, critical and objective wisdom and judgment of its management as well as editors. In doing so, concerns whether graphic images in the media should be aired or not, or print or not can be addressed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ethical behavior may be in accordance with standards put up by the media organizations. These standards may be useful but usually vague thus they cannot anticipate any eventuality. Citing as an example is the Code of Ethics that media members generally follow. However, it fails particularly identify gruesome situations as depicted by graphic images. Generally, the â€Å"Code of Ethics† includes a provision where photographers â€Å"should at all times maintain the highest standards of ethical conduct.† Photojournalism â€Å"is worthy of the very best thought and effort, and members should â€Å"maintain high standards of ethical conduct (qtd. in Lester).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The issue of ethical standards, in the media in line with its choice to use graphic images, was what The Post freelance columnist Nick Clooney emphasized in his column titled â€Å"Media should use ethics standards.† According to Clooney, it is the responsibility of the media to abide with a set of ethical standards. He added that the moral guidelines should emanate and practiced within the industry and thus should not be violated by his colleagues. In citing a particular case that called for the setting of ethical standards in the media, Clooney   mentioned the publishing of a tabloid of a picture of a rape trial victim which he said violated the privacy of that person. Clooney stressed that such instance of showing a graphic image by print media made him angry. This is because such sensationalism by what he called the â€Å"news quacks or the scandal-mongers and entertainers posing as journalist† violated not only ones privacy but the moral standing of the media. Clooney was not at all opposed to the use of graphic image in the media but rather concern that there is still a need for ethical standards that will guide and uphold the dignity of the media profession. Finally, Clooney did not give up the situation as he hoped that news media people will have sufficient ethical or moral standards and regard to the privacy of the public (Clooney).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addressing conditions and graphic images of events and calamity victims, media practitioners are faced with the dilemma or arguments whether to capture and publish the picture or not (Lester). According to Lester and from the circumstances presented, media should generally expect that the public is inclined to criticize a controversial graphic image if some conditions are present. These include the following conditions: â€Å"[if] it was taken by a staff photographer; [if] it comes from a local story; [if] the image is printed in color; [if] the image is printed in a morning paper; [if] the image is printed on the front page; [if] it has no story accompaniment; [if] it shows people overcome with grief; [if] it shows the victim’s body; [if] the body is physically traumatized; [if] the victim is a child; and [if] nudity is involved.† Taking into consideration the said limitations, it can be resolved that the use of graphic i mages in the media is essential but not absolutely free. These limitations are proven useful in order not to be hit by possible firestorms or reactions coming from the offended public (Lester). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A picture, indeed, is worth a thousand words. However, no one can ever determine how much history account, feeling, idea, and gut wrenching response some images are worth or can interpret. While the use of graphic images in the media is necessary and critically important in conveying a message or even replacing a whole story, broadcast and print journalists are still bound by a sense of responsibility. Media has the obligation to be sensitive and conscious to the possible negative effects of using gruesome graphic images. Thus, certain limitations have to be in place. However and most importantly, media is still obligated to present the truth even to the extent of painfully showing the realities of life. Works Cited Sophronia, Nora. â€Å"The Boston Photographs.† Envision: Persuasive Writing in a Visual World. Ed. Alfano, Christine and Alyssa O’Brien. New York: Longman Publishers, 2005. Leach, Susan Llewelyn. â€Å"How to tell story of the dead without offending the living.† The   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Christian Science Monitor. 19 January 2005. www.csmonitor.com Lester, Paul Martin, â€Å"Photojournalism: An Ethical Approach.† 1999. College of    Communications, California State University, Fullerton. 24 March 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://commfaculty.fullerton.edu/lester/writings/chapter4.html Rutenberg, Jim and Felicity Barringer. â€Å"After the Attacks: the Ethics; News Media Try to Sort out Policy on Graphic Images.† The New York Times. 25 March 2008 http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=980CE2DE1038F930A2575AC0A9679C8B63

The Enforcement of International Law Essay -- United Nations Legal Jus

Members of The United Nations have a duty â€Å"to maintain international peace†¦in conformity with the principles of justice and international law.†[1] China, a core member of the United Nations since its formation in 1945, fails to comply with international human rights’ norms set forth by The United Nations Charter. This failure is noticeably prevalent in the practices of the Chinese Legal System. Its judicial proceedings in handling peaceful, political dissenters fail to provide the minimum protection of human rights guaranteed to all through international law. By examining accounts of Tibetans detained for such peaceful protests, this paper will set out to highlight the discrepancies between Chinese enforcement of international law in theory and in practice. Before this paper goes any further, the notion of international law must be explained. Providing a better understanding of international law will make easier the task of highlighting Chi na’s struggles with enforcing such standards. â€Å"On November 21, 1947, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted resolution 174 (II), establishing the International Law Commission and approving its statute.†[2] The International Law Commission encourages the development of international law and its codification. The Commission deals primarily with public international law, but also hears private cases as well.[3] International law is applied within an international community, such as the United Nations, and functions to define the proper norms or standards for members to abide by in a collective manner. Examples of such standards could be a ruling on The Universal Declaration of Human Rights or on threats to peace within the International Community. ... ...30†¦> (23 Feb 2003). (21)Eckholm, Erik. â€Å"The New York Times† From a Chinese Cell, a Lama’s influence Remains Undimmed. 23 Feb 2003. www.nytimes.com (28 March 2003) (23) â€Å"Amnesty International† People’s Republic of China: Amnesty International condemns execution of Tibetan, following unfair trial. 27 Jan 2003. (23 Feb 2003). (27) Canada Tibet Committee. â€Å"World Tibet Network News.† 1 Jan 2003. www.tibet.ca/wtnarchive/2003/1/1_3.html (6 March 2003). (28-32) HRIC. â€Å"HIRC† April 2000. Impunity for Torturers Continues Despite Changes in the Law: Report on Implementation of the Convention Against Torture in the People’s Republic of China. (6 April 2003). (33) People’s Supreme Court. Chinese Criminal Procedure Law. 29 June 1999. The Enforcement of International Law Essay -- United Nations Legal Jus Members of The United Nations have a duty â€Å"to maintain international peace†¦in conformity with the principles of justice and international law.†[1] China, a core member of the United Nations since its formation in 1945, fails to comply with international human rights’ norms set forth by The United Nations Charter. This failure is noticeably prevalent in the practices of the Chinese Legal System. Its judicial proceedings in handling peaceful, political dissenters fail to provide the minimum protection of human rights guaranteed to all through international law. By examining accounts of Tibetans detained for such peaceful protests, this paper will set out to highlight the discrepancies between Chinese enforcement of international law in theory and in practice. Before this paper goes any further, the notion of international law must be explained. Providing a better understanding of international law will make easier the task of highlighting Chi na’s struggles with enforcing such standards. â€Å"On November 21, 1947, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted resolution 174 (II), establishing the International Law Commission and approving its statute.†[2] The International Law Commission encourages the development of international law and its codification. The Commission deals primarily with public international law, but also hears private cases as well.[3] International law is applied within an international community, such as the United Nations, and functions to define the proper norms or standards for members to abide by in a collective manner. Examples of such standards could be a ruling on The Universal Declaration of Human Rights or on threats to peace within the International Community. ... ...30†¦> (23 Feb 2003). (21)Eckholm, Erik. â€Å"The New York Times† From a Chinese Cell, a Lama’s influence Remains Undimmed. 23 Feb 2003. www.nytimes.com (28 March 2003) (23) â€Å"Amnesty International† People’s Republic of China: Amnesty International condemns execution of Tibetan, following unfair trial. 27 Jan 2003. (23 Feb 2003). (27) Canada Tibet Committee. â€Å"World Tibet Network News.† 1 Jan 2003. www.tibet.ca/wtnarchive/2003/1/1_3.html (6 March 2003). (28-32) HRIC. â€Å"HIRC† April 2000. Impunity for Torturers Continues Despite Changes in the Law: Report on Implementation of the Convention Against Torture in the People’s Republic of China. (6 April 2003). (33) People’s Supreme Court. Chinese Criminal Procedure Law. 29 June 1999.

Goodnight Mr.Tom Review

Review of Goodnight Mr. Tom by Michelle Magorian Goodnight Mr. Tom is set in the midst of World War II and the German attacks of London. In the novel many children are sent away from England? s capital onto pacific places for protection. These children are called refugees and they are to stay in the houses of the inhabitants. This is then, the destiny of little William Beech who is sent to Little Wierwold to Tom Oakley, the man who shelters him. The child was being abused by his mother so he is very shy. Therefore, Mr. Oakley helps him confront his problems and Willie drastically changes.He starts to make friends like Zacharias Wrench, or Zach for short. They become best friends and have marvelous moments together. Afterwards, Williams’s mother asks for him to go back to London as she is sick. Beech? s mother really is insane and when they enter the house she says she has a surprise. The surprise was that Mrs. Beech has had a baby. He actually returns to the nightmare he lived before being a refugee, so Mr. Oakley foresees that Willie is passing a terrible time and rescues him from the tiny room in which Mrs.Beech has locked him up. Mr. Tom immediately buys train tickets for Little Wierwold and so, they returned to their home in this little town. Months later, Mrs. Beech commits suicide as a result of her loneliness and Mr. Tom caringly adopts William. The story ends when William? s best friend Zach dies because of a bomb. Will then confronts his friend? s death having both good and bad experiences, which helps him grow physically and mentally. The main characters of this novel are William Beech, Tom Oakley, Zacharias Wrench and Mrs. Beech.William Beech, at the beginning of the story is an apprehensive, emaciated boy who does not have any self-confidence and is very mistrusting. Although he is very different on the inside, Will founds this throughout the book. When Willie starts his life with Mr. Tom, he changes abruptly and transforms into a talkative a nd active little boy. He also discovers he is an excellent artist and makes drawing his favorite hobby. What I really appreciate about this character is that he emerged from being a shy child to a talkative one who loves socializing with others around him.Tom Oakley is also a very important character in this novel. Mr. Tom is at first a grouchy old man who is immerged in the four walls of his house but when Willie arrives to his life he transforms into a social, caring and loving man who supports Will in everything he needs. Tom was very depressed because his wife had died giving birth and soon after his son, William, also died. At first Mr. Oakley took this as a coincidence, assuming William was a common name in London. Although as the months went by he realizes it this is not just a coincidence but something much deeper.Fate had brought them together so that both Tom and Willie could cure the injuries and pains they had been absorbing and keeping inside themselves. Another very im portant and special character is Zacharias Wrench â€Å"Zack for short† as he says in the novel. This character is a boy about the same age as Willie, who is a very swinging boy who likes talking to everybody. As soon he sees someone nice he immediately approaches to the person and starts talking to it as if he knows it for a long time. Zach becomes Willie? s best friend and because of him William lets â€Å"escape the Zach from him†. Goodnight Mr.Tom is definitely an incredible story. I enjoyed it so much that I have read it two times. My favorite moment on the novel is the end because Willie has improved amazingly and says to Mr. Tom who is now his dad: â€Å"Dad, I? ve grown†. I find this particular moment very emotive because despite all the challenges he has faced, he moves on with an amazing courage. I can definitively recommend this book to both adults and children (11 years +) as it makes you reflect a lot and it’s a very deep novel. I would also love to read another book by Michelle Magorian because she is a very good writer.

The Effects of Social Media on Traditional Marketing

The Effects of Social Media on Traditional Marketing and Advertising Social media is not new. Facebook has been around since 2004, YouTube since 2005, and Twitter in 2006. What is new is how social media sites like Facebook, YouTube and Twitter are affecting the way businesses market their products and services. Never before in our history have consumers been able to communicate so effortlessly with each other and with the businesses they frequent.Never before have businesses been able to interact and react to customer feedback so quickly and efficiently. However, just because businesses have the ability to use social media for their marketing and advertising efforts, does not necessarily mean they should. This paper intends to answer the question of how social media has affected the way businesses market their products and services. This question is significant not only to the business, as it directly affects not only their profit, but also their brand, their image, and their reputa tion.It is also significant to consumers, because as a consumer you will be able to see how you have the power to shape a company’s products and services, as well as shape a company’s image and reputation. No longer can a company run an advertisement on television or radio promoting how ecologically friendly they are and assume people are just going to believe them. 10 years ago that might have worked.Now, consumers can research to see if that company is in fact ecologically friendly and if they are not, consumers can start a Facebook group, a Twitter profile, a YouTube channel, and endless other social media profiles in order to spread the word about the company’s false or misleading advertising. The reverse is also true. If a company creates an amazing quality product which solves a consumer’s need at a fair price, that company may have to do very little traditional advertising as consumers would spread the word about the products through their vast soc ial networks.Social media has forever changed the relationship between business and the consumer and this relationship affects the way businesses market their products and services. In order to see how social media is defining the way businesses have traditionally marketed their products, it is helpful to look at case studies of multiple businesses and social media marketing experts. This paper will center on multiple different businesses and how they are using social media effectively to market their products and services to consumers.According to â€Å"Corporate reputation in the era of Web 2. : the case of Primark† published in the November 1, 2009 issue of the Journal of Marketing Management, Brian Jones, John Temperley, and Anderson Lima draw from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the authors draw from, they answer how companies, specifically Primark, position themselves on the internet in order to build relationshi ps, control their image, and build their brand and reputation to indicate that the new era of company reputation is built not only by the company, but rather by both the company and the consumer.According to the authors, â€Å"the new rules for engagement on the social web are explored in relation to how they contribute to, damage, or improve corporate reputation and brand image. † (Jones 927-928) What these new rules mean is that, â€Å"management of corporate reputation is a two-way, top down and bottom up process. † (Jones 928) This means that not only are companies trying to portray a certain image through social media, but that also consumers are projecting their own images on to these companies through social media as well.This information is useful because it shows how social media allows consumers to shape a company as well as how companies can use social media to shape public opinion. According to â€Å"Marketing in a Hyper-Social World† published in th e September 2010 issue of the Journal of Advertising Research, Francois Gossieaux, and Edward Moran draw from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the authors draw from, they study the results of a survey of several hundred companies using online marketing in order to determine the best practices for those advertising strategies.The authors ascertain that social media marketing is only as effective as the prevailing psychological factors in which social media works. These factors are inherent in human communication, not only on the internet, but in the real world as well. The authors state that there are communities of people using social media and that â€Å"these communities often thrive because the members primarily are drawn to one another.The importance of person-to-person affinity – and the ability to interact with these other humans – typically trumped the role of the sponsor’s goods or services or the presence of other features in the online communities. † (Moran 232) What the authors are saying is that social media is a new tool in order to bring similar consumers together and that if a company wants to be successful in social media marketing, they must concentrate on the human connection rather than their product or services.According to â€Å"Social marketing meets interactive media† published in the 2011 issue of the International Journal of Advertising, Ronald Hill and Nora Moran draw from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the authors draw from, they seek to resolve the dilemma of how models of social marketing have not been easy to implement or analyze effectively. They assert that companies must face opportunities and challenges in implementing social media or otherwise lose their target customers of new and younger generations.The authors propose that a great deal more study and research need to go into how to successfully implement social media, however their research states that, â€Å"overall, studies examined indicate that greater levels of interactivity, feedback and encouragement, customisation, and clarity and support are fundamental components of successful programmes. † (Hill 829) What the authors suggest is that social media allows consumers to interact with each other and with the companies they buy from, and these basic human form of interaction is what makes social media so successful.According to â€Å"Social Media ROI† published in the December 2010/January 2011 issue of Marketing Management, Robert Duboff and Scott Wilkerson draw from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the authors draw from, they focus on finding a solution which will help them measure a return on investment for implementing social media and whether or not to invest in social marketing. The authors put forth and interesting questi on as to who actually is in control of a brand with the advent of social media.The peer-to-peer aspect of the Internet, which has been made much more efficient through social media, has prompted the debate about who owns a brand. Some commentators and marketers maintain that consumers, users and the public now own every brand, given their ability to use social media to: laud or criticize the brand and immediately communicate their experience or opinion to everyone they know; send links to websites, video or to articles and information, etc. ; and create and post content. Duboff 34)The idea the authors are putting forward is that consumer are able to control a brand and the perception of that brand because of the immense power of social media. According to â€Å"Marketing on a Shoe String† published in the Winter 2012 issue of Marketing Health Services, Ann Marie Gothard and Kate Sotiridy draw from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the authors draw from, they discuss the marketing strategy of Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City.They discuss how Mount Sinai determined that traditional media would not work for targeting their market and instead opted for using a grassroots approach which included the implementation of social media. The authors show evidence of how using social media effectively was able to increase the percentage of clientele who were exposed to Mount Sinai Medical Center. While using a specific social media campaign, there was, â€Å"an 83 percent increase in Web traffic, coupled with a 42 percent increase in call volume [which is] substantial at any cost. And for a very low cost, it is remarkable. (Gothard 15)The authors here are able to use a case study to show how social media marketing can be used as an effective tool and for a minimal cost. According to â€Å"Evolution of Blogs as a Credible Marketing Communication Tool† published in the June 2011 issue of Journa l of Case Research, Mohit Maurya draws from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the author draws from, the author discusses how a two way communication between consumers and corporate brands are being shaped through the use of blogs.The author presents case studies from different companies who have successfully and unsuccessfully used blogs to communicate with consumers. The pace of evolution and adoption of internet has facilitated the development of Consumer Generated Media – CGM or user generated content on the cyber world, which has compelled the marketers to rethink their marketing communication guidelines†¦Consumer Generated Media has begun to prove itself as an outstanding tool for not only social networking, but also as an effective interactive communication medium in the realm of business. Maurya 71)The author proposes that as consumers, we are able to control the messages we receive and that companies need t o recognize these channels of communication if they are to be successful in their marketing efforts. According to â€Å"Social media etiquette: A guide and checklist to the benefits and perils of social marketing† published in the September – December 2010 issue of the Journal of Database Marketing and Customer Strategy Management, Matt Ramsay draws from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications.Using the multitude of resources the author draws from, the author summarizes lessons learned from the successes and failures of social networking as well as compiles a list of best practices for social networking. According to Ramsay, â€Å"businesses that succeed in social media are those who maximize their customer service levels through listening and responding to what people are saying about their brand. † (257) Ramsay is again solidifying the fact that social media is a two way process in which the consumer and business have an equal stake in forming how marketing will take place and whether or not it will be effective.According to â€Å"Social media in branding: Fulfilling a Need† published in the August 2011 issue of the Journal of Brand Management, Jack Yan draws from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the author draws from, the author looks at how new media can have an impact on branding. Yan shows how user connection and interactivity are important. â€Å"It is, therefore, necessary for brands to build a connection with users and fostering a sense of belonging through the engagement itself. (Yan 690) According to â€Å"2011 Social Media Marketing Industry Report.How Marketers are Using Social Media to Grow Their Businesses† published in April 2011 for the website SocialMediaExaminer. com, Michael A. Stelzner draws from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the author draws from, the author surveyed over 3300 marketers with the goal of understanding how marketers are using social media to grow and promote their businesses. Stelzner, in compiling his survey, was able to determine the benefits of social media marketing. The number-one advantage of social media marketing (by a long shot) is generating more business exposure, as indicated by 88% of marketers. † (Stelzner 5) The more exposure a business has, the easier it is for consumers to talk about it and spread the word to their peers. According to â€Å"Social Integration† published in the November/December 2011 issue of the Journal of Property Management, Karen Altes draws from the work of multiple authors from multiple publications. Using the multitude of resources the author draws from, the author focuses on the integration of social media into business.The author ascertains that social media is a tactic rather than a strategy, which should be used in all aspects of marketing, public relations, and communications. à ¢â‚¬Å"However, social media is different from other communication tools you may already be using. It is participatory, and is as much about what your customers, tenants and clients are saying about you and your properties as what you are saying to them. † (Altes 60) The author is again reinforcing that social media is effecting advertising in that marketers are not only able to speak directly to consumers, but that consumers are also able to speak to companies and marketers.Social media has significantly affected the way businesses and consumers interact with each other. It has been shown how important having a two way conversation is in order to implement and manage a company’s brand and reputation. This is significant because it is important to know just how much power we have as consumers. Until the recent advent of the internet and social media, traditional advertising and marketing was a one way conversation. A company advertised their product or service and the co nsumer was just forced to believe them.Now, consumers are able to provide their own voice and have a say in what they believe. This is essential for companies to understand because now they have to not only provide products and services, they need to communicate those products and services with consumers without being false or misleading, otherwise these companies will not be in business very long. Works Cited Moran, Edward, and Francois Gossieaux. â€Å"Marketing In A Hyper-Social World. † Journal Of Advertising Research 50. (2010): 232-239. Business Source Premier. Web. 6 May 2012. Hill, Ronald P. , and Nora Moran. â€Å"Social Marketing Meets Interactive Media. † International Journal Of Advertising 30. 5 (2011): 815-838. Business Source Premier. Web. 6 May 2012. Duboff, Robert, and Scott Wilkerson.â€Å"Social Media Roi. † Marketing Management 19. 4 (2010): 32-37. Business Source Premier. Web. 6 May 2012. Jones, Brian, John Temperley, and Anderson Lima. â₠¬Å"Corporate Reputation In The Era Of Web 2. 0: The Case Of Primark. † Journal Of Marketing Management 25. /10 (2009): 927-939. Business Source Premier. Web. 6 May 2012. â€Å"Marketing On A Shoe String. † Marketing Health Services 32. 1 (2012): 12-15. Business Source Premier. Web. 6 May 2012. Maurya, Mohit. â€Å"Evolution Of Blogs As A Credible Marketing Communication Tool. † Journal Of Case Research 2. 1 (2011): 71-90. Business Source Premier. Web. 6 May 2012. Ramsay, Matt.â€Å"Social Media Etiquette: A Guide And Checklist To The Benefits And Perils Of Social Marketing. † Journal Of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management 17. /4 (2010): 257-261. Computer Source. Web. 6 May 2012. Yan, Jack. â€Å"Social Media In Branding: Fulfilling A Need. † Journal Of Brand Management 18. 9 (2011): 688-696. Business Source Premier. Web. 6 May 2012. Stelzner, Michael A. â€Å"2011 Social Media Marketing Industry Report. How Marketers are Using Social Media to Grow Their Businesses. † SocialMediaExaminer. com. April 2011, Web. 16 March 2012 Altes, Karen. â€Å"Social Integration. † Journal Of Property Management 76. 6 (2011): 60. Business Source Premier. Web. 6 May 2012.

Is the Internet Changing our Social Lives

Is the Internet Changing our Social Lives Introduction The following argumentative essay is on whether the internet is changing our social lives or not. Internet has become an important component of every day operations and it is imperative to ensure that there is awareness about its influence and effects on people and human relationships.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Is the Internet Changing our Social Lives? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This argument takes considers that internet has indeed affected the social lives of people all over the world. The first part of this essay presents instances where the internet has changed social lives positively or negatively. Internet has changed the social interactions of modern day world in a dynamic way and has improved the relations and friendships that were in existence and increased more contacts that are individual. Is The Internet Changing Our Social Lives? Internet has changed lives in that it has affecte d social relationships for bad or for good. The instance where it has improved relationships is through consistent communication through the social networks such as face book, MySpace and twitter. However, internet has affected relationships and people negatively especially school children through the cyber bullying activities that happen on the internet. â€Å"There have been cases of cyber bullying where some individuals impersonate someone and use their profile and images to pose as someone else† (Anonymous 4). When people see the image in the profile they believe it is the picture of the real person. This type of bullying has affected some of the children whose images have been used to bully others negatively. This has led to some of the parents developing interest in the intricacies of social networking by wanting to know how to deal with cybercrime as well as ensure that the cyber criminals who use the internet to bully others have been punished. â€Å"The internet has affected people’s privacy as personal information can be accessed by friends through hacking into people’s social network accounts† (Anonymous 4). The internet privacy is critical in enhancing ones life and self-confidence. Infringing on people’s privacy has led to reduced self-esteem by sharing personal information with people who may use it against the individual. Internet has changed social lives in undermining individual’s need for privacy. â€Å"Although the social media has features that guarantee users’ privacy there are many instances where friends share individual personal information† (Anonymous 4). Privacy over the internet is not guaranteed and any material posted over the internet should be intended for public exposure. Instances of people being hurt due to unnecessary exposure to the unintended audience have affected relationships and self esteem negatively.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, people can use a person’s image to create a phony account to harass and commit crime over the internet. While the real person whose image is in use may be unaware of it, it will affect how other people perceive such a person as well as any physical relationships that such a person has. â€Å"It has also affected the relationships between parents and their children as parents have to be more vigilant on the way their children use the internet† (Anonymous 4). This is because internet enables children to access malicious contents such as pornography and exposes children to prowling adults who predate children seeking ways of exploiting them. Parents are enrolling in social media courses where they are taught how to monitor their children’s use of the internet. â€Å"Some parents have even installed spyware software on their family computers to monitor their childrenà ¢â‚¬â„¢s use of the internet† (Anonymous 4). The internet especially the social media has also affected lives of people by giving them a sense of belonging. â€Å"This sense of belonging comes through the communities offered through the internet, where people can express themselves, assert their values, and influence agendas of those communities† (Orenstei 3). The internet has therefore become a way of building self-esteem, engaging in activities that have influence on the individual. The internet forums provided by twitter have created families and social groups. People nowadays twit about the country, their favorite shop, their car and any issue, which they feel is affecting them. In fact, twitter to some people has become part of their daily activity and they cannot afford to spend a day without twitting. This shows that the internet is a major component of social existence. The internet has also changed lives in the sense that people can nowadays interrelate with ot hers who are in different places and countries and consider them as friends. â€Å"It is interesting that internet websites such as Face book and MySpace provide opportunities where people can meet new people and faces and interact with them as if they have met them before (Orenstei 2).† This shows that the internet has changed the social sphere by increasing the acceptance of people who are at different places. The internet has improved social networks by creating forums where people with similar interests can interconnect and discuss ideas (Dunbar 2). Such forums are usually medical forums where people who suffer from certain ailments can discuss different therapies that they undertake and their methods of coping with those ailments. On the negative side, there are social networks or groups that interlink criminals and act as a forum where people can engage in crime as well as brainstorm ideas on how to commit criminal activities.Advertising We will write a custom e ssay sample on Is the Internet Changing our Social Lives? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The other factor of the internet is that the social networks interlinks professionals and people who have similar career background to keep themselves abreast with the changes that may be happening in their industry. LinkedIn has specialized in networking professionals in similar fields. They can even brainstorm on how to handle such changes. The internet has brought another interesting concept of being alone but not lonely. In the modern world most of the people spend time on their personal computers working on projects or doing some of their work on computers. To feel interconnected with the rest of the world even when one is alone, the social network enables the individuals to talk and chat with other people as if they are together. â€Å"The internet has brought togetherness of people who are apart yet they are close† (Dunbar 3). This has en hanced relationships that would otherwise end if the individuals were not in constant communication. The internet has increased interconnectedness of people by ensuring that they develop new friends and relationships through the internet. â€Å"The internet has affected the social lives of individuals negatively by having many people maximize the time that they spend on the internet rather than on real life relationships† (Dunbar 3). This has led to the deterioration of the relationships as people rarely have real life relationships. Others have argued that even though the internet interconnects with many people all over the world the relationships are not affected. People can only interrelate with at most one hundred and fifty persons who are within the social circles of an individual. This implies that even if people develop new relationships on the internet they loose the previous physical relationships that they had developed previously. â€Å"Out of the one hundred and fifty close friends that people interrelate with some are relatives who are not online† (Dunbar 4). Therefore, in reality the social networks do not allow one to get more than one hundred and fifty people. If one increased friends on the social networks, it implies that he/she has to lose close friends who are not on the internet as well as relationships. The other aspect of critical importance is that having internet-based relationships alienates one from real and tangible relationships, which are critical to human existence. â€Å"The social relationships contribute to the development of the individual’s social life† (Dunbar 4). Internet relationships cannot in anyway provide social support in matters that require emotional contact, closeness or financial support, which is what real relationships provide.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion While the companies that have allowed people to interrelate through the internet have made millions of money, it is likely that they are going to make even more money as more people access the internet and work using computers. The social networks are not only available using computer but also through cell phones making internet an important aspect of daily living. The social media and the internet in general have influenced relationships and interactions of people by determining whom they interact with and how they interact. Most importantly, people have to be aware of how to use it to enhance social relationships rather than destroy relationships. Anonymous. As Bullies Go Digital, Parents Play Catch-Up. May. 2012.Web. Anonymous. MySpace, Face book and Other Social Networking Sites: Hot Today, Gone Tomorrow? September. 2011. Web. Dunbar, Robin. You’ve Got to Have (150) Friends. October. 2010. Web. Orenstei, Peggy. I Tweet, Therefore I Am. August. 2010. Web.

Biography of Captain Henry Morgan, Welsh Privateer

Biography of Captain Henry Morgan, Welsh Privateer Sir Henry Morgan (c. 1635–August 25, 1688) was a Welsh privateer who fought for the English against the Spanish in the Caribbean during the 1660s and 1670s. He is remembered as the greatest of the privateers, amassing huge fleets, attacking prominent targets, and being the worst enemy of the Spanish since Sir Francis Drake. Although he made numerous raids all along the Spanish Main, his three most famous exploits were the 1668 sack of Portobello, the 1669 raid on Maracaibo, and the 1671 attack on Panama. Morgan was knighted by King Charles II of England and died in Jamaica a rich man. Fast Facts: Henry Morgan Known For: Captain Morgan was one of the most notorious privateers of the 17th century.Born: c.  1635 in Llanrhymny,  WalesDied: August 25, 1688 in Lawrencefield, Jamaica Early Life   Morgans exact date of birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been born sometime around 1635 in Monmouth County, Wales. He had two uncles who had distinguished themselves in the English military, and Henry decided as a young man to follow in their footsteps. He was with General Venables and Admiral Penn in 1654 when they captured Jamaica from the Spanish. Privateering Morgan soon took up a life of privateering, launching attacks up and down the Spanish Main and Central America. Privateers were like pirates, only legal- they were mercenaries who were allowed to attack enemy ships and ports. In exchange, they kept most of the loot, although they did share some with the crown. Morgan was one of many privateers who had a â€Å"license† to attack the Spanish as long as England and Spain were at war (they fought on and off during most of Morgan’s life). In times of peace, the privateers either took to outright piracy or more respectable trades such as fishing or logging. The English colony on Jamaica, a foothold in the Caribbean, was weak, so it behooved the English to have a large privateer force ready for times of war. Morgan excelled at privateering. His attacks were well-planned, he was a fearless leader, and he was very clever. By 1668 he was the leader of the Brethren of the Coast, a group of pirates, buccaneers, corsairs, and privateers. Attack on Portobello In 1667, Morgan was sent to sea to find some Spanish prisoners to confirm rumors of an attack on Jamaica. He had grown legendary  and soon found that he had a force of some 500 men in several ships. He captured some prisoners in Cuba, and then he and his captains decided to attack the rich town of Portobello. In July 1668, Morgan took Portobello by surprise and quickly overran its meager defenses. Not only did his men loot the town, but they essentially held it for ransom, demanding and receiving 100,000 pesos in exchange for not burning the city to the ground. Morgan left after about a month. The sack of Portobello resulted in huge shares of loot for everyone involved, and Morgans fame grew even greater. Raid on Maracaibo By October 1668, Morgan was restless and decided to head once again to the Spanish Main. He sent out word that he was organizing another expedition. Morgan went to Isla Vaca and waited while hundreds of corsairs and buccaneers rallied to his side. On March 9, 1669, he and his men attacked the La Barra fort, the main defense of Lake Maracaibo, and captured it without much difficulty. They entered the lake and sacked the towns of Maracaibo and Gibraltar, but they lingered too long and some Spanish warships trapped them by blocking off the narrow entrance to the lake. Morgan cleverly sent a fireship against the Spanish, and of the three Spanish ships, one was sunk, one captured, and one abandoned. After that, he tricked the commanders of the fort (which had been rearmed by the Spanish) to turn their guns inland, and Morgan sailed past them at night. It was the privateer at his most devious. Sack of Panama By 1671, Morgan was ready for one last assault on the Spanish. Again he gathered an army of pirates, and they decided to attack the rich city of Panama. With about 1,000 men, Morgan captured the San Lorenzo fort and began the march overland to Panama City in January 1671. The Spanish forces were in terror of Morgan and abandoned their defenses at the last moment. On January 28, 1671, the privateers and the defenders met in battle on the plains outside the city. It was an utter rout, and the city defenders were scattered in short order by the well-armed invaders. Morgan and his men sacked the city and were gone before any help could arrive. Although it was a successful raid, much of Panamas loot was shipped away before the pirates arrived, so it was the least profitable of Morgans three major ventures. Fame Panama would be Morgans last great raid. By then, he was very rich and influential in Jamaica and had a great deal of land. He retired from privateering, but the world did not forget him. Spain and England had signed a peace treaty before the Panama raid (whether or not Morgan knew of the treaty before he attacked is a matter of some debate) and Spain was furious. Sir Thomas Modyford, the governor of Jamaica who had authorized Morgan to sail, was relieved of his post and sent to England, where he would eventually receive a light punishment. Morgan, too, was sent to England, where he spent a couple of years as a celebrity, dining in the fancy homes of lords who were fans of his exploits. He was even asked his opinion on how to improve Jamaicas defenses. Not only was he never punished, but he was knighted and sent back to Jamaica as lieutenant governor. Death Morgan returned to Jamaica, where he spent his days drinking with his men, running his estates, and fondly telling war stories. He helped organize and improve the defenses of Jamaica and administered the colony while the governor was absent, but he never again went to sea. He died on August 25, 1688, and was given a royal send-off. Morgan lay in state at the Kings House in Port Royal, ships anchored in the harbor fired their guns in salute, and his body was carried through town on a gun carriage to St. Peters Church. Legacy Morgan left behind a complicated legacy. Although his attacks put constant pressure on relations between Spain and England, Englishmen of all social classes loved him and enjoyed his exploits. Diplomats loathed him for violating their treaties, but the almost supernatural fear the Spanish had for him most likely helped drive them to the negotiating table in the first place. Still, Morgan probably did more harm than good. He helped build Jamaica into a strong English colony in the Caribbean and was responsible for lifting Englands spirits during an otherwise grim time in history, but he also was guilty of the death and torture of countless innocent Spanish civilians and spread terror far and wide on the Spanish Main. Captain Morgan remains a legend today, and his effect on popular culture has been considerable. He is considered one of the greatest pirates ever, even though he was actually not a pirate but a privateer (and would have been offended to be called a pirate). Certain places are still named for him, such as Morgans Valley in Jamaica and Morgans Cave on San Andres Island. His most visible presence today is probably as the mascot for the Captain Morgan brands of spiced rum and spirits. There are hotels and resorts named after him, as well as any number of small businesses in the places he frequented. Sources Cordingly, David. Under the Black Flag: the Romance and the Reality of Life among the Pirates. Random House, 2006.Earle, Peter G. The Sack of Panam Captain Morgan and the Battle for the Caribbean. Thomas Dunne Books, 2007.